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However, just how can you create a system that has a decentralized ledger How do you give someone the ability to upgrade the ledger without giving them too much powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their work
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves this in a very creative way I love to call Who Wants to Be a Banker
In short, anyone who wants to take part in updating the ledger of all Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do this. Whatever you need is to suppose a random number that solves an equation generated by the system. Sounds simple, right
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Of course, this guessing is all done by your PC. The more powerful your computer is, the more supposes you can make in one second, increasing your chances of winning this game. If you manage to figure right, you earn bitcoins and have to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining pc comes up with the ideal guess, your mining program determines which of the current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this block represents the moment of glory, as youve now develop into a temporary banker of Bitcoin who has to upgrade the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve created, along with your solution, is sent to the whole network so other computers can affirm it. Its a bit much like a Rubiks cube: The solution is very tough to achieve but very easy to validate.
3. Every computer that validates your solution updates its copy of this Bitcoin transaction ledger with the transactions you opted to include in the block.
4. The system generates a fixed amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and rewards them as compensation for time and energy you spent solving the math issue.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees that were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. All the transactions in the cube youve just entered are now confirmed from the Bitcoin network and are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining because of the fact that this process helps mine new Bitcoins from the system. But if you think about it, the mining component is just a by-product of this transaction confirmation process. Therefore the name is a bit misleading, since the main goal of mining would be to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a form of guessing, for each block, a different miner will suppose the number and be granted the right to upgrade the blockchain. Of course, that the miners with computing power will succeed more often, but due to the law of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the same miner will succeed each time. .
Now that you know what Bitcoin mining is, you may be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the rules for mining in a way that the further mining energy the network gets, the harder it is to imagine the answer to the mining math problem. Therefore the difficulty of this mining method is really self-adjusting into the accumulated mining capability the network possesses. .
If more miners join, it is going to get more difficult to address the issue; if many of them drop off, it will get easier. This is known see here now as mining difficulty.
Now, remember, this is on average. We can have two cubes being added minute after minute and then wait an hour for the next block. In the long run, this will even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this kind of self-adjusting mechanism has created a type of arms race to acquire the most efficient and powerful miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a great deal of miners on the market. In fact, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and also his friend Hal Finney were a few the only people mining Bitcoin back in the time with their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining issue was low. As Bitcoin began to catch on, people looked for more potent mining solutions.